Strategic Supplier A supplier that helps with design, innovation, and cost reduction — not just delivery.
Over-Specified Tender Detailing exactly HOW to build something, instead of describing WHAT it must achieve.
Benefit-Sharing A contract clause that splits savings between buyer and supplier when the supplier's idea reduces cost.
Total Cost What you actually pay over a product's life: purchase price + quality fixes + warranty claims + shortages.
Target Pricing Demanding a price without helping the supplier figure out how to reach it profitably.
Supplier Development Training and supporting suppliers to improve their capability — like Toyota sending engineers to help.