SLA Service Level Agreement — promised standards like delivery speed or uptime. SLAs tell you if rules were followed, not if the business got value.
TCO Total Cost of Ownership — the real all-in cost including hidden fees, support, and downstream costs that never appear on the invoice.
QBR Quarterly Business Review — a regular meeting where procurement and suppliers review contract performance. Often uses the wrong metrics.
Value leakage Money lost through missed rebates, unmanaged auto-renewals, off-contract spend, and pricing errors that compliance dashboards miss.
Shadow costs Hidden expenses from unmanaged supplier performance — like paying 12% above market because nobody checked the spot price.
CPM → CPO Shifting from measuring contract compliance (did they follow the rules?) to measuring outcomes (did the business get what it paid for?).