PPV Purchase Price Variance — the difference between what you paid and what you budgeted. Procurement teams are measured on this, which is why discounts look good.
Carrying Cost The total annual cost of holding inventory — storage, insurance, financing, and risk. Usually 20-30% of inventory value per year.
Inventory Turns How many times inventory sells completely in a year. 52 turns = weekly; 4 turns = quarterly. Higher is better for volume discounts.
Obsolescence Risk The chance your stock becomes worthless before you use it — like buying 1,000 phone cases for last year's model.